Vithoba

Vithoba ( Marathi विठोब , IAST : Viṭhobā ) eller Witthala ( Sanskr . विठ, IAST : Viṭṭhala ; Cann . ವಿಟ್ಟಲ, IAST : VIXALA ) og Pandura ( Sanskr . प , Cannes ಪಾಂಡುರಂಗ , IAST : PAUT i de indiske stater Maharashtra , Karnataka og Andhra Pradesh . Vithoba betragtes som en af ​​formerne for Vishnu eller Krishna . Han ses nogle gange som en form for Buddha eller identificeres med Shiva . Vithoba er afbildet som en ung mand med mørk hud, stående på hofterne, ofte sammen med sin hovedkonsort Rakhumai ( Rukmini ).

Vithoba er hovedobjektet for tilbedelse af den monoteistiske ikke-Brahmin [1] [2] Varkari - bevægelse i Maharashtra og Haridasa- bevægelsen i Karnataka. Vithobas hovedtempel ligger i byen Pandharpur i Maharashtra, nær grænsen til Karnataka. De centrale motiver i Vithoba-legenderne er hans hengivne Pundalik , der bragte Vithobas guddom til Pandharpur, og Vithobas rolle som varkari sant -digternes frelser . Varkari helgendigtere skabte en unik genre af marathi bhakti poesi kaldet abhanga , og i Karnataka glorificerede digtere fra Haridasa-bevægelsen Vithoba i deres salmer. De vigtigste festivaler til ære for Vithoba fejres to gange om året på Ekadashi -dagen i den hinduistiske månekalender : Shayani Ekadashi i måneden Ashadha og Prabodhini Ekadashi i måneden Kartika .

Historieskrivningen af ​​Vithoba og hans kult er et emne for stor debat i indologisk videnskab. Forskellige forskere tilbyder forskellige versioner af Vithobas forhistorie og hans kult, oprindelsen til hans navn. Ifølge nogle var han en hyrdeguddom, ifølge andre - en af ​​formerne for Shiva , Jain - helgener, eller alle disse for forskellige grupper af tilhængere i forskellige perioder af historisk udvikling. Selvom der er megen debat om oprindelsen af ​​Vithobas kult og dens tempel, er det generelt accepteret, at kulten har eksisteret siden mindst det 13. århundrede .

Noter

1. ↑ Zelliot (1988) s. xviii "Varkari-kulten er landlig og ikke-Brahman-karakter"
2. ↑ Sand (1990) s. 34 "de mere eller mindre anti-ritualistiske og anti-brahmaniske holdninger hos Varkari sampradaya.."

Litteratur

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Links

• Officiel side for Shri Vitthal Rukmini Temple, Pandharpur
  • Billeder af det centrale billede af Vithoba i Pandharpur, med højtstående personer, herunder Maharashtras chefminister
• Video af Pandharpur Vithobas "Maha-puja" (tilbedelse), Maharashtra Times Arkiveret 28. juni 2009 på Wayback Machine
• Artikel om Pandharpur-templet Arkiveret 16. marts 2010.
• Haridasa-bevægelsen Arkiveret 18. februar 2009 på Wayback Machine
• Sane, Prajkta. 'Palkhi' fra Alandi til Pandharpur (PDF)  (utilgængeligt link) . University of New South Wales (marts 2007). Arkiveret fra originalen den 25. februar 2009. (ubestemt)
• Et resumé af Viththal ek mahasamanvaya af RC Dhere på forfatterens hjemmeside Arkiveret 15. juli 2011 på Wayback Machine