Indsnævrer
| Indsnævrer | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Microhyla achatina - type arter af typen slægt af familien - Microhyla | ||||||||||||
| videnskabelig klassifikation | ||||||||||||
| Domæne:eukaryoterKongerige:DyrUnderrige:EumetazoiIngen rang:Bilateralt symmetriskIngen rang:DeuterostomesType:akkordaterUndertype:HvirveldyrInfratype:kæbeSuperklasse:firbenedeKlasse:PadderUnderklasse:SkalløsInfraklasse:BatrachiaSuperordre:HoppeHold:AnuranerUnderrækkefølge:neobatrakiFamilie:Indsnævrer | ||||||||||||
| Internationalt videnskabeligt navn | ||||||||||||
| Microhylidae Guenther , 1858 | ||||||||||||
| areal | ||||||||||||
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Smalle shorts [1] eller mikrofrøer [1] ( lat. Microhylidae) er en familie af haleløse padder .
Beskrivelse
Den samlede længde af repræsentanterne for denne familie varierer fra 1,5 til 10,5 cm. De har uforholdsmæssigt små hoved- og mundstørrelser. Lemmerne er ret korte, hvor de fleste arter mangler svømmehinde og suger .
De er meget forskelligt farvede, nogle arter er ret upåfaldende, andre har lyse røde og orange farver i farven, som er blandet med mørkere, hvilket giver kontrast og udtryksfuldhed til farven.
Livsstil
Blandt smalmundede er der terrestriske og trælevende former. Nogle arter har tilpasset sig meget tørre forhold, idet de er i stand til at grave sig ned i jorden ved hjælp af deres baglemmer. De lever hovedsageligt af små insekter .
Reproduktion
I parringssæsonen udsender hannerne høje råb. I yngletiden er de fleste arter vandbundne, men nogle er så tilpasset tørre forhold, at de lægger deres æg i gnaverhuler og hulrum mellem planteblade . Larvestadiet hos disse arter foregår i ægget.
Fordeling
De er spredt ret bredt: i Nord- og Sydamerika , det vestlige, østlige og sydlige Afrika , fra Indien til det nordlige Australien [2] .
Klassifikation
Fra september 2019 omfatter familien 13 underfamilier, 53 slægter og 688 arter [3] [1] :
Adelastinae Peloso et al., 2016
- Adelastes Zweifel, 1986 ( 1 art )
- Adelastes hylonomos Zweifel, 1986
Asterophryinae Gunther, 1858
- Aphantophryne Fry, 1917 ( 5 arter )
- Aphantophryne minuta Zweifel & Parker, 1989
- Aphantophryne nana Brown & Alcala, 1967
- Aphantophryne pansa Fry, 1917
- Oreophryne parkeri Loveridge, 1955
- Aphantophryne sabini Zweifel & Parker, 1989
- Asterophrys Tschudi, 1838 - Broadheads ( 7 arter )
- Austrochaperina- yngel, 1912 ( 26 arter )
- Austrochaperina adamantina Zweifel, 2000
- Austrochaperina adelphe (Zweifel, 1985)
- Austrochaperina alexanderi Gunther, Richards & Dahl, 2014
- Austrochaperina aquilonia Zweifel, 2000
- Austrochaperina archboldi Zweifel, 2000
- Austrochaperina basipalmata Kampen, 1906
- Austrochaperina blumi Zweifel, 2000
- Austrochaperina brevipes (Boulenger, 1897)
- Austrochaperina fryi (Zweifel, 1962) - Orange-mavet skulker
- Austrochaperina gracilipes Fry , 1912
- Austrochaperina hooglandi (Zweifel, 1967)
- Austrochaperina kosarek Zweifel, 2000
- Austrochaperina laurae Günther, Richards & Dahl, 2014
- Austrochaperina macrorhyncha (Kampen, 1906 )
- Austrochaperina mehelyi ( Parker, 1934 )
- Austrochaperina minutissima Gunther, 2009
- Austrochaperina novaebritanniae Zweifel, 2000
- Austrochaperina palmipes (Zweifel , 1956)
- Austrochaperina parkeri Zweifel, 2000
- Austrochaperina pluvialis (Zweifel, 1965) - Regnfuld lurer
- Austrochaperina polysticta (Méhely, 1901)
- Austrochaperina robusta Fry, 1912
- Austrochaperina septentrionalis Allison & Kraus, 2003
- Austrochaperina yelaensis Zweifel, 2000
- Barygenys Parker, 1936 - Grebneryly ( 9 arter )
- Barygenys apodasta Kraus, 2013
- Barygenys atra (Günther, 1896 )
- Barygenys cheesmanae Parker , 1936
- Barygenys exsul Zweifel , 1963
- Barygenys flavigularis Zweifel , 1972
- Barygenys maculata Menzies & Tyler , 1977
- Barygenys nana Zweifel , 1972
- Barygenys parvula Zweifel , 1981
- Barygenys resima Kraus, 2013
- Callulops Boulenger, 1888 ( 24 arter )
- Callulops biakensis Gunther et al., 2012
- Callulops boettgeri ( Méhely , 1901)
- Callulops comptus (Zweifel, 1972)
- Callulops doriae Boulenger , 1888
- Callulops dubius ( Boettger, 1895 )
- Callulops eremnosphax Kraus & Allison, 2009
- Callulops fojaensis Oliver et al., 2012
- Callulops fuscus ( Peters , 1867)
- Callulops glandulosus ( Zweifel, 1972 )
- Callulops humicola ( Zweifel , 1972)
- Callulops kampeni (Boulinger, 1914)
- Callulops kopsteini (Mertens, 1930) - Western bigeye
- Callulops marmoratus Kraus & Allison, 2003
- Callulops mediodiscus Oliver et al., 2012
- Callulops microtis (Werner, 1901)
- Callulops omnistriatus Kraus & Allison, 2009
- Callulops personatus (Zweifel, 1972) - Storøjet sorthoved
- Callulops robustus ( Boulenger , 1898)
- Callulops sagittatus Richards et al., 1995
- Callulops stictogaster ( Zweifel , 1972)
- Callulops valvifer (Barbour, 1910)
- Callulops wilhelmanus ( Loveridge , 1948)
- Callulops wondiwoiensis Gunther et al., 2012
- Callulops yapenensis Gunther et al., 2012
- Choerophryne Van Kampen, 1914 - Næsede smalmundede ( 37 arter )
- Choerophryne alainduboisi Günther og Richards, 2018
- Choerophryne allisoni Richards & Burton, 2003
- Choerophryne alpestris (Kraus, 2010)
- Choerophryne amomani Gunther , 2008
- Choerophryne arndtorum Gunther , 2008
- Choerophryne bickfordi Kraus, 2018
- Choerophryne bisyllaba Kraus, 2018
- Choerophryne brevicrus (Günther & Richards, 2012)
- Choerophryne brunhildae (Menzies, 1999)
- Choerophryne bryonopsis Kraus, 2013
- Choerophryne burtoni Richards, Dahl & Hiaso, 2007
- Choerophryne crucifer Günther og Richards, 2017
- Choerophryne darlingtoni ( Loveridge, 1948 )
- Choerophryn epirrhina Iannella, Oliver og Richards, 2015
- Choerophryne exclamitans (Kraus & Allison, 2005)
- Choerophryne fafniri (Menzies, 1999)
- Choerophryne gracilirostris Iannella, Richards & Oliver, 2014
- Choerophryne grylloides Iannella, Oliver og Richards, 2015
- Choerophryne gudrunae (Menzies, 1999)
- Choerophryne gunnari (Menzies, 1999)
- Choerophryne laurini (Günther, 2000)
- Choerophryne longirostris Kraus & Allison, 2001
- Choerophryne mikrops Gunther , 2008
- Choerophryne multisyllaba Günther og Richards, 2017
- Choerophryne murrita (Kraus & Allison, 2009)
- Choerophryne nigrescens Gunther , 2008
- Choerophryne pandanicola (Günther & Richards, 2012)
- Choerophryne pipiens Gunther , Richards og Tjaturadi, 2018
- Choerophryne proboscidea Van Kampen, 1914
- Choerophryne rhenaurum (Menzies, 1999)
- Choerophryne rostellifer ( Wandolleck , 1911)
- Choerophryne sanguinopicta (Kraus & Allison, 2005)
- Choerophryne siegfriedi (Menzies, 1999)
- Choerophryne swanhildae (Menzies, 1999)
- Choerophryne tubercula (Richards, Johnston & Burton, 1992)
- Choerophryne valkuriarum (Menzies, 1999)
- Choerophryne variegata (Van Kampen, 1923) - Snapping klatrer
- Cophixalus Boettger, 1892 - Lazuna ( 65 arter )
- Cophixalus aenigma Hoskin, 2004
- Cophixalus albolineatus Kraus, 2012
- Cophixalus amabilis Kraus, 2012
- Cophixalus ateles ( Boulenger , 1898)
- Cophixalus australis Hoskin, 2012
- Cophixalus balbus Gunther , 2003
- Cophixalus bewaniensis Kraus & Allison, 2000
- Cophixalus biroi (Méhely, 1901) - Lazun Biro
- Cophixalus bombiens Zweifel, 1985
- Cophixalus caverniphilus Kraus & Allison, 2009
- Cophixalus cheesmanae Parker, 1934 - Slank klatrer
- Cophixalus claporum Kraus, 2012
- Cophixalus concinnus Tyler, 1979
- Cophixalus crepitans Zweifel, 1985
- Cophixalus cryptotympanum Zweifel , 1956
- Cophixalus cupricarenus Kraus & Allison, 2009
- Cophixalus daymani Zweifel, 1956
- Cophixalus desticans Kraus & Allison, 2009
- Cophixalus exiguus Zweifel & Parker, 1969
- Cophixalus hinchinbrookensis Hoskin, 2012
- Cophixalus hosmeri Zweifel, 1985
- Cophixalus humicola Gunther , 2006
- Cophixalus infacetus Zweifel, 1985
- Cophixalus interruptus Kraus & Allison, 2009
- Cophixalus iovaorum Kraus & Allison, 2009
- Cophixalus kaindiensis Zweifel, 1979
- Cophixalus kethuk Kraus & Allison, 2009
- Cophixalus kulakula Hoskin & Aland, 2011
- Cophixalus linnaeus Kraus & Allison, 2009
- Cophixalus mcdonaldi Zweifel, 1985
- Cophixalus melanops Kraus & Allison, 2009
- Cophixalus misimae Richards & Oliver, 2007
- Cophixalus monosyllabus Günther, 2010
- Cophixalus montanus (Boettger, 1895) - Moluksk lasso
- Cophixalus monticola Richards et al., 1994
- Cophixalus neglectus Zweifel, 1962 - Queensland lasso
- Cophixalus nexipus Kraus, 2012
- Cophixalus nubicola Zweifel, 1962 - Skyklatrer
- Cophixalus ornatus ( Fry , 1912)
- Cophixalus pakayakulangun Hoskin & Aland, 2011
- Cophixalus parkeri Loveridge, 1948 - Orange -benet klatrer
- Cophixalus peninsularis Zweifel, 1985
- Cophixalus petrophilus Hoskin, 2013
- Cophixalus phaeobalius Kraus & Allison, 2009
- Cophixalus pictus Kraus, 2012
- Cophixalus pipilans Zweifel, 1980 - Hvinende klatrer
- Cophixalus pulchellus Kraus & Allison, 2000
- Cophixalus rajampatensis Günther et al., 2015
- Cophixalus riparius Zweifel, 1962 - Træbestiger
- Cophixalus salawatiensis Gunther et al., 2015
- Cophixalus saxatilis Zweifel & Parker, 1977 - Stenet stigning
- Cophixalus shellyi Zweifel, 1956 - Sortkindet klatrer
- Cophixalus sphagnicola Zweifel & Allison, 1982 - Moss Lazun
- Cophixalus tagulensis Zweifel, 1963 - Louisiana lasso
- Cophixalus tenuidactylus Günther & Richards, 2012
- Cophixalus tetzlaffi Gunther , 2003
- Cophixalus timidus Kraus & Allison, 2006
- Cophixalus tomaiodactylus Kraus & Allison, 2009
- Cophixalus tridactylus Gunther , 2006
- Cophixalus variabilis Kraus & Allison, 2006
- Cophixalus verecundus Zweifel & Parker, 1989
- Cophixalus verrucosus (Boulenger, 1898) - Citron- bellied klatrer
- Cophixalus viridis Gunther , Richards & Dahl, 2014
- Cophixalus wempi Richards & Oliver, 2010
- Cophixalus zweifeli Davies & McDonald, 1998
- Copiula Méhely, 1901 - Hvidnæse ( 14 arter )
- Copiula alpestris (Zweifel, 2000)
- Copiula annanoreenae Günther, Richards & Dahl, 2014
- Copiula derongo (Zweifel, 2000)
- Copiula exspectata Gunther , (2002)
- Copiula fistulans ( Menzies & Tyler, 1977 )
- Copiula guttata Zweifel, 2000
- Copiula lennarti Günther, Richards & Dahl, 2014
- Copiula major (Günther, 2002)
- Copiula minor (Menzies & Tyler, 1977 )
- Copiula obsti (Günther, 2002)
- Copiula oxyrhina ( Boulenger , 1898)
- Copiula pipiens (Burton & Stocks, 1986)
- Copiula rivularis Zweifel, 2000
- Copiula tyleri (Burton, 1990)
- Gastrophrynoides Noble, 1926 - Borneo smalmund ( 2 arter )
- Gastrophrynoides borneensis ( Boulenger, 1897 )
- Gastrophrynoides immaculatus Chan, Grismer, Norhayati & Daicus, 2009
- Hylophorbus Macleay, 1878 - Højtstemte smalmundede ( 12 arter )
- Hylophorbus atrifasciatus Kraus, 2013
- Hylophorbus infulatus ( Zweifel , 1972)
- Hylophorbus nigrinus Gunther , 2001
- Hylophorbus picoides Gunther , 2001
- Hylophorbus proekes Kraus & Allison, 2009
- Hylophorbus rainerguentheri Richards & Oliver, 2007
- Hylophorbus richardsi Gunther , 2001
- Hylophorbus rufescens Macleay , 1878
- Hylophorbus sextus Gunther , 2001
- Hylophorbus sigridae Günther, Richards & Dahl, 2014
- Hylophorbus tetraphonus Gunther , 2001
- Hylophorbus wondiwoi Gunther , 2001
- Mantophryne Boulenger, 1897 - Skaldyr ( 5 arter )
- Mantophryne axanthogaster Kraus & Allison, 2009
- Mantophryne insignis Günther og Richards, 2016
- Mantophryne lateralis ( Boulenger , 1897)
- Mantophryne louisiadensis ( Parker , 1934)
- Mantophryne menziesi ( Zweifel , 1972)
- Oninia Günther et al., 2010 ( 1 art )
- Oninia senglaubi Gunther et al., 2010
- Oreophryne Boettger, 1895 - Lesovichki ( 70 arter )
- Oreophryne albitympanum Günther, Richards og Tjaturadi, 2018
- Oreophryne albomaculata Günther, Richards & Dahl, 2014
- Oreophryne albopunctata ( Van Kampen, 1909 )
- Oreophryne alticola Zweifel, Cogger & Richards, 2005
- Oreophryne ampelos Kraus, 2011
- Oreophryne anamiatoi Kraus & Allison, 2009
- Oreophryne anser Kraus, 2016
- Oreophryne anthonyi (Boulenger, 1897 )
- Oreophryne anulata (Stejneger , 1908)
- Oreophryne asplenicola Gunther , 2003
- Oreophryne atrigularis Gunther , Richards & Iskandar, 2001
- Oreophryne aurora Kraus, 2016
- Oreophryne banshee Kraus, 2016
- Oreophryne biroi (Méhely, 1897 )
- Oreophryne brachypus (Werner, 1898 )
- Oreophryne brevicrus Zweifel, 1956
- Oreophryne brevirostris Zweifel, Cogger & Richards, 2005
- Oreophryne cameroni Kraus, 2013
- Oreophryne celebensis ( Müller, 1894 )
- Oreophryne choerophrynoides Günther, 2015
- Oreophryne clamata Gunther , 2003
- Oreophryne crucifer (Van Kampen, 1913 )
- Oreophryne-kurator Günther, Richards & Dahl, 2014
- Oreophryne equus Kraus, 2016
- Oreophryne ezra Kraus & Allison, 2009
- Oreophryne flava Parker, 1934
- Oreophryne flavomaculata Günther & Richards, 2016
- Oreophryne frontifasciata (Horst, 1883)
- Oreophryne furu Gunther et al., 2009
- Oreophryne gagneorum Kraus, 2013
- Oreophryne geislerorum (Boettger, 1892)
- Oreophryne geminus Zweifel, Cogger & Richards, 2005
- Oreophryne graminis Günther & Richards, 2012
- Oreophryne habbemensis Zweifel, Cogger & Richards, 2005
- Oreophryne hypsiops Zweifel, Menzies & Price, 2003
- Oreophryne idenburgensis Zweifel, 1956
- Oreophryne inornata Zweifel , 1956
- Oreophryne insulana Zweifel, 1956
- Oreophryne jeffersoniana Dunn , 1928
- Oreophryne kampeni Parker, 1934
- Oreophryne kapisa Gunther , 2003
- Oreophryne lemur Kraus, 2016
- Oreophryne loriae (Boulenger, 1898)
- Oreophryne matawan Kraus, 2016
- Oreophryne meliades Kraus, 2016
- Oreophryne mertoni (Roux, 1910)
- Oreophryne minuta Richards & Iskandar, 2000
- Oreophryne moluccensis (Peters & Doria, 1878 )
- Oreophryne monticola (Boulenger, 1897 )
- Oreophryne notata Zweifel, 2003
- Oreophryne oviprotector Günther et al., 2012
- Oreophryne parkopanorum Kraus, 2013
- Oreophryne penelopeia Kraus, 2016
- Oreophryne phillosylleptoris Kraus, 2016
- Oreophryne picticrus Kraus, 2016
- Oreophryne pseudasplenicola Gunther , 2003
- Oreophryne pseudunicolor Günther & Richards, 2016
- Oreophryne roedeli Gunther , 2015
- Oreophryne rookmaakeri Mertens, 1927
- Oreophryne sibilans Gunther , 2003
- Oreophryne streiffeleri Günther & Richards, 2012
- Oreophryne terrestris Zweifel, Cogger & Richards, 2005
- Oreophryne unicolor Günther, 2003
- Oreophryne variabilis (Boulenger, 1896 )
- Oreophryne waira Gunther , 2003
- Oreophryne wapoga Gunther , Richards & Iskandar, 2001
- Oreophryne wolterstorffi (Werner , 1901)
- Oreophryne zimmeri Ahl, 1933
- Paedophryne Kraus, 2010 ( 7 arter )
- Siamophryne Suwannapoom et al . , 2018 ( 1 visning )
- Siamophryne troglodytes Suwannapoom et al. , 2018
- Sphenophryne Peters & Doria , 1878 _
- Sphenophryne allisoni (Zweifel, 2000)
- Sphenophryne brevicrus (Van Kampen , 1913)
- Sphenophryne coggeri (Zweifel, 2000)
- Sphenophryne cornuta Peters & Doria, 1878 - Horned Lurker
- Sphenophryne crassa (Zweifel, 1956)
- Sphenophryne dentata (Tyler & Menzies, 1971 )
- Sphenophryne magnitympanum Kraus & Allison, 2009
- Sphenophryne miniafia Kraus, 2014
- Sphenophryne rhododactyla (Boulenger , 1897)
- Sphenophryne rubra (Zweifel, 2000)
- Sphenophryne schlaginhaufeni (Wandolleck, 1911)
- Sphenophryne similis (Zweifel, 2000)
- Sphenophryne stenodactyla (Zweifel, 2000)
- Sphenophryne thomsoni Boulenger, 1890
- Vietnamophryne Poyarkov et al. , 2018 ( 3 typer )
- Vietnamophryne inexpectata Poyarkov et al. , 2018
- Vietnamophryne occidentalis Poyarkov et al. , 2018
- Vietnamophryne orlovi Poyarkov et al. , 2018
- Xenorhina Peters, 1863 - spidsmus eller smalnæset ( 32 arter )
- Xenorhina adisca Kraus & Allison, 2003
- Xenorhina anorbis (Blum & Menzies, 1989
- Xenorhina arboricola Allison & Kraus, 2000
- Xenorhina arfakiana (Blum & Menzies, 1989
- Xenorhina arndti Gunther , 2010
- Xenorhina bidens Van Kampen, 1909
- Xenorhina bouwensi (de Witte, 1930 - Dværgspidsmus
- Xenorhina brachyrhyncha Kraus, 2011
- Xenorhina eiponis Blum & Menzies, 1989
- Xenorhina fuscigula (Blum & Menzies, 1989
- Xenorhina gigantea Van Kampen , 1915
- Xenorhina huon (Blum & Menzies, 1989
- Xenorhina lanthanites (Günther & Knop, 2006
- Xenorhina macrodisca Günther & Richards, 2005
- Xenorhina macrops Van Kampen, 1913
- Xenorhina mehelyi ( Boulenger, 1898 )
- Xenorhina minima (Parker, 1934 - Lille graver
- Xenorhina multisica (Blum & Menzies, 1989
- Xenorhina obesa ( Zweifel, 1960 )
- Xenorhina ocellata Van Kampen , 1913
- Xenorhina ophiodon (Peters & Doria, 1878 - Slangetandet smalnæset
- Xenorhina oxycephala (Schlegel, 1858 - Gravemaskine med skarp tryne
- Xenorhina parkerorum Zweifel , 1972
- Xenorhina rostrata ( Méhely, 1898 )
- Xenorhina scheepstrai (Blum & Menzies, 1989
- Xenorhina schiefenhoeveli (Blum & Menzies, 1989
- Xenorhina similis (Zweifel, 1956 - Skovgraver
- Xenorhina subcrocea (Menzies & Tyler, 1977 - Orange-buget smalsnout
- Xenorhina tillacki Gunther , Richards & Dahl, 2014
- Xenorhina tumulus (Blum & Menzies, 1989
- Xenorhina varia Gunther & Richards, 2005
- Xenorhina zweifeli (Kraus & Allison, 2002
Chaperininae Peloso et al., 2016
Cophylinae Cope, 1889
- Anodonthyla Müller, 1892 ( 11 arter )
- Anodonthyla boulengerii Müller , 1892
- Anodonthyla emilei Vences et al., 2010
- Anodonthyla hutchisoni Fenolio et al., 2007
- Anodonthyla jeanbai Vences et al., 2010
- Anodonthyla montana Angel, 1925
- Anodonthyla moramora Glaw & Vences, 2005
- Anodonthyla nigrigularis Glaw & Vences, 1992
- Anodonthyla pollicaris (Boettger, 1913)
- Anodonthyla rouxae Guibé, 1974 - Narrow Py
- Anodonthyla theoi Vences et al., 2010
- Anodonthyla vallani Vences et al., 2010
- Cophyla Boettger, 1880 - Variabel smalmund ( 19 arter )
- Cophyla alticola (Guibé, 1974)
- Cophyla barbouri (Noble, 1940)
- Cophyla berara Vences, Andreone og Glaw, 2005
- Cophyla cowanii (Boulenger, 1882)
- Cophyla grandis (Boulinger, 1889)
- Cophyla karenae (Rosa et al. , 2014)
- Cophyla maharipeo Rakotoarison et al. , 2015
- Cophyla mavomavo (Andreone, Fenolio og Walvoord, 2003)
- Cophyla milloti (Guibé, 1950)
- Cophyla noromalalae Rakotoarison et al. , 2015
- Cophyla occultans (Glaw and Vences, 1992)
- Cophyla olgae (Rakotoarison et al. , 2012)
- Cophyla phyllodactyla Boettger , 1880
- Cophyla pollicaris (Boulenger, 1888)
- Cophyla puellarum Rakotoarison et al. , 2015
- Cophyla rava (Glaw, Köhler og Vences, 2012)
- Cophyla tetra (Andreone, Fenolio og Walvoord, 2003)
- Cophyla tsaratananaensis (Guibé, 1974)
- Cophyla tuberifera (Methuen, 1920)
- Madecassophryne Guibé, 1974 - Crusaders ( 1 art )
- Madecassophryne truebae Guibé , 1974
- Plethodontohyla Boulenger , 1882 _ _ _
- Rhombophryne Boettger , 1880 _ _ _
- Rhombophryne achillei (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne analamaina (Klages et al. , 2013)
- Rhombophryne analanjirofo (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne angeluci (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne be (Köhler, Vences, D'Cruze, & Glaw, 2010)
- Rhombophryne betampona (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne botabota Scherz et al. , 2016
- Rhombophryne contumelia Rakotoarison et al. , 2017
- Rhombophryne coronata (Vences & Glaw, 2003)
- Rhombophryne coudreaui (Angel, 1938)
- Rhombophryne davidattenboroughi Rakotoarison et al. , 2017
- Rhombophryne diadema Scherz et al. , 2017
- Rhombophryne diutissima (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne dolchi (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne edmondsi (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne fusca (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne garraffoi (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne gimmeli (Glaw & Vences, 1992)
- Rhombophryne grandis (Guibé, 1974)
- Rhombophryne guentherpetersi (Guibé, 1974)
- Rhombophryne hara (Köhler et al. , 2010)
- Rhombophryne helenae (Vallan, 2000)
- Rhombophryne huwei (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne iharana (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne jeannoeli (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne kibomena (Glaw et al. , 2015)
- Rhombophryne laevipes (Mocquard, 1895)
- Rhombophryne larinki (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne longicrus Scherz et al. , 2015
- Rhombophryne madagascariensis (Mocquard, 1895)
- Rhombophryne makira (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne maledicta (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne mamitika (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne mangabensis Glaw, Köhler, & Vences, 2010
- Rhombophryne matavy D'Cruze et al. , 2010
- Rhombophryne megsoni (Köhler et al. , 2010)
- Rhombophryne meikeae (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne miery (Ndriantsoa et al. , 2013)
- Rhombophryne minuta (Guibé, 1975)
- Rhombophryne miovaova (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne nigrorubra (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne nilevina Lambert, Hutter & Scherz, 2017
- Rhombophryne obscoena (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne ornata Scherz et al. , 2015
- Rhombophryne pardus (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne psologlossa (Boettger, 1881)
- Rhombophryne pygmaea (Vences & Glaw, 1991)
- Rhombophryne regalis Scherz et al. , 2017
- Rhombophryne roseifemoralis (Guibé, 1974)
- Rhombophryne savaka Scherz et al. , 2016
- Rhombophryne serratopalpebrosa (Guibé, 1975)
- Rhombophryne sorata (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne spandei (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
- Rhombophryne staffordi (Köhler et al. , 2010)
- Rhombophryne tany Scherz et al. , 2015
- Rhombophryne testudo Boettger , 1880 _
- Rhombophryne tetradactyla (Vences & Glaw, 1991)
- Rhombophryne tridactyla (Guibé, 1975)
- Rhombophryne vaventy Scherz et al. , 2014
- Rhombophryne yanniki (Rakotoarison et al. , 2017)
Dyscophinae Boulenger, 1882
- Dyscophus Grandidier , 1872 - Røde smalmundede ( 3 arter )
Gastrophryninae Fitzinger, 1843
- Arcovomer Carvalho, 1954 - Malet smalmund ( 1 art )
- Arcovomer passarellii Carvalho , 1954
- Chiasmocleis Méhely, 1904 - Amerikanske smalmundede ( 36 arter )
- Chiasmocleis alagoana Cruz, Caramaschi & Freire, 1999
- Chiasmocleis albopunctata ( Boettger, 1885 )
- Chiasmocleis altomontana Forlani et al. , 2017
- Chiasmocleis anatipes Walker & Duellman, 1974
- Chiasmocleis antenori (Walker, 1973) - Fire-finger synkope
- Chiasmocleis atlantica Cruz, Caramaschi & Izecksohn, 1997
- Chiasmocleis avilapiresae Peloso & Sturaro, 2008
- Chiasmocleis bassleri Dunn , 1949
- Chiasmocleis bicegoi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920
- Chiasmocleis capixaba Cruz, Caramaschi & Izecksohn, 1997
- Chiasmocleis carvalhoi (Nelson, 1975) - Tretået synkope
- Chiasmocleis centralis Bokermann, 1952
- Chiasmocleis cordeiroi Caramaschi & Pimenta, 2003
- Chiasmocleis crucis Caramaschi & Pimenta, 2003
- Chiasmocleis devriesi Funk & Cannatella, 2009
- Chiasmocleis gnoma Canedo, Dixo & Pombal, 2004
- Chiasmocleis haddadi Peloso et al., 2014
- Chiasmocleis hudsoni Parker , 1940
- Chiasmocleis jimi Caramaschi og Cruz, 2001
- Chiasmocleis lacrimae Peloso et al., 2014
- Chiasmocleis leucosticta (Boulenger, 1888)
- Chiasmocleis magnova Moravec & Köhler, 2007
- Chiasmocleis mantiqueira Cruz, Feio & Cassini, 2007
- Chiasmocleis mehelyi Caramaschi & Cruz, 1997
- Chiasmocleis migueli Forlani et al. , 2017
- Chiasmocleis papachibe Peloso et al., 2014
- Chiasmocleis parkeri Almendariz et al. , 2017
- Chiasmocleis quilombola Tonin, Forlani og de Sá, 2014
- Chiasmocleis royi Peloso et al., 2014
- Chiasmocleis sapiranga Cruz, Caramaschi & Napoli, 2007
- Chiasmocleis schubarti Bokermann, 1952
- Chiasmocleis shudikarensis Dunn, 1949
- Chiasmocleis supercilialba Morales & McDiarmid, 2009
- Chiasmocleis tridactyla (Duellman & Mendelson, 1995)
- Chiasmocleis ventrimaculata ( Andersson , 1946)
- Chiasmocleis veracruz Forlani et al. , 2017
- Ctenophryne Mocquard , 1904 _ _ _
- Ctenophryne aequatorialis (Peracca, 1904) - Andinsk smalmund
- Ctenophryne aterrima ( Günther, 1901 )
- Ctenophryne barbatula (Lehr & Trueb, 2007)
- Ctenophryne karp (Lehr, Rodriguez & Cordova, 2002)
- Ctenophryne geayi Mocquard , 1904
- Ctenophryne minor Zweifel & Myers, 1989
- Dasypops Miranda - Ribeiro ,1924 _
- Dasypops schirchi Miranda - Ribeiro, 1924
- Dermatonotus Méhely, 1904 - Skaldyr ( 1 art )
- Elachistocleis Parker, 1927 ( 18 arter )
- Elachistocleis bicolor (Guérin-Méneville, 1838 )
- Elachistocleis bumbameuboi Caramaschi, 2010
- Elachistocleis carvalhoi Caramaschi, 2010
- Elachistocleis cesarii (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920)
- Elachistocleis corumbaensis Piva, Caramaschi og Albuquerque, 2017
- Elachistocleis erythrogaster Kwet & Di-Bernardo, 1998
- Elachistocleis haroi Pereyra et al., 2013
- Elachistocleis helianneae Caramaschi, 2010
- Elachistocleis magnus Toledo, 2010
- Elachistocleis matogrosso Caramaschi, 2010
- Elachistocleis muiraquitan Nunes de Almeida & Toledo, 2012
- Elachistocleis ovalis (Schneider, 1799 )
- Elachistocleis panamensis Caramaschi & Jim, 1983
- Elachistocleis pearsei (Ruthven , 1914)
- Elachistocleis piauiensis Caramaschi & Jim, 1983
- Elachistocleis skotogaster Lavilla, Vaira & Ferrari, 2003
- Elachistocleis surinamensis ( Daudin, 1802 )
- Elachistocleis surumu Caramaschi, 2010
- Gastrophryne Fitzinger , 1843 - Furet smalmund ( 4 arter )
- Hamtophryne Carvalho, 1954 - Mørksidet smalmund ( 2 arter )
- Hypopachus Keferstein, 1867 - Smalmund af får ( 4 arter )
- Myersiella Carvalho, 1954 - Brasiliansk smalmund ( 1 art )
- Myersiella microps ( Duméril & Bibron, 1841 )
- Stereocyclops Cope, 1870 - Beskyttet smalmund ( 4 arter )
Hoplophryninae Noble, 1931
- Hoplophryne Barbour & Loveridge, 1928 - Banan smalmund ( 2 arter )
- Hoplophryne rogersi Barbour & Loveridge, 1928
- Hoplophryne uluguruensis Barbour & Loveridge, 1928
- Parhoplophryne Barbour & Loveridge, 1928 ( 1 art )
- Parhoplophryne usambarica Barbour & Loveridge, 1928
Kalophryninae Mivart , 1869
- Kalophrynus Tschudi, 1838 ( 26 arter )
- Kalophrynus anya Zug, 2015
- Kalophrynus baluensis Kiew , 1984
- Kalophrynus barioensis Matsui & Nishikawa, 2011
- Kalophrynus bunguranus (Günther, 1895) - Natun smalmund
- Kalophrynus calciphilus Dehling, 2011
- Kalophrynus cryptophonus Vassilieva et al., 2014
- Kalophrynus eok Das & Haas, 2003
- Kalophrynus heterochirus Boulenger , 1900
- Kalophrynus honbaensis Vassilieva et al., 2014
- Kalophrynus interlineatus (Blyth, 1855)
- Kalophrynus intermedius Inger , 1966
- Kalophrynus kiewi Matsui, Eto, Belabut og Nishikawa, 2017
- Kalophrynus limbooliati Matsui et al., 2012
- Kalophrynus meizon Zug, 2015
- Kalophrynus menglienicus Yang & Su, 1980 - Yunnan smalmund
- Kalophrynus minusculus Iskandar, 1998
- Kalophrynus nubicola Dring , 1983
- Kalophrynus orangensis Dutta, Ahmed & Das, 2000
- Kalophrynus palmatissimus Kiew , 1984
- Kalophrynus pleurostigma Tschudi, 1838 - malaysisk korthovedet frø
- Kalophrynus punctatus Peters, 1871
- Kalophrynus robinsoni Smith , 1922
- Kalophrynus sinensis Peters, 1867
- Kalophrynus subterrestris Inger , 1966
- Kalophrynus tiomanensis Onn, Grismer & Grismer, 2011
- Kalophrynus yongi Matsui, 2009
Melanobatrachinae Noble, 1931
- Melanobatrachus Beddome, 1878 - Indisk smalmund ( 1 art )
- Melanobatrachus indicus Beddome , 1878 _
Microhylinae Gunther, 1858
- Glyphoglossus Günther, 1869 - Hundehovedet smalmund ( 9 arter )
- Glyphoglossus brooksii ( Boulenger , 1904)
- Glyphoglossus capsus Das et al., 2014
- Glyphoglossus flavus Kiew , 1984
- Glyphoglossus guttulatus (Blyth, 1856)
- Glyphoglossus minutus Das, Yaakob & Lim, 2004
- Glyphoglossus molossus Günther , 1869
- Glyphoglossus smithi ( Barbour & Noble, 1916 )
- Glyphoglossus volzi (Van Kampen, 1905)
- Glyphoglossus yunnanensis Boulenger , 1919
- Metaphrynella Parker, 1934 - Kallet smalmund ( 2 arter )
- Metaphrynella pollicaris ( Boulenger , 1890)
- Metaphrynella sundana ( Peters , 1867)
- Microhyla Tschudi, 1838 - Smalle løvfrøer ( 43 arter )
- Micryletta Dubois, 1987 ( 4 arter )
- Micryletta erythropoda (Tarkhnishvili, 1994)
- Micryletta inornata ( Boulenger, 1890 )
- Micryletta nigromaculata Poyarkov et al. , 2018
- Micryletta steinegeri (Boulenger, 1909)
- Phrynella Boulenger, 1887 - Phrynella ( 1 art )
- Phrynella pulchra Boulenger, 1887
- Uperodon Duméril & Bibron, 1841 - Kugleformede smalmundede ( 12 arter )
- Uperodon anamalaiensis Rao, 1937 - Deccan ramanella
- Uperodon globulosus ( Günther , 1864)
- Uperodon montanus (Jerdon, 1854) - Bjerg ramanella
- Uperodon mormoratus Rao, 1937 - Sydindisk ramanella
- Uperodon nagaoi Manamendra-Arachchi & Pethiyagoda, 2001
- Uperodon obscurus (Günther, 1864) - Ceylon ramanella
- Uperodon palmatus Parker, 1934 - Ramanella med net
- Uperodon rohani Garg et al. , 2018
- Uperodon systoma ( Schneider , 1799)
- Uperodon taprobanicus (Parker, 1934)
- Uperodon triangularis (Günther, 1876) - Plettet ramanella
- Uperodon variegata (Stoliczka, 1872) - Variabel ramanella
Otophryninae Wassersug & Pyburn, 1987
- Otophryne Boulenger, 1900 - Storøret smalmund ( 3 arter )
- Otophryne pyburni Campbell & Clarke, 1998
- Otophryne robusta Boulenger , 1900
- Otophryne steyermarki Rivero, 1968
- Synapturanus Carvalho, 1954 ( 3 arter )
- Synapturanus mirandaribeiroi Nelson & Lescure, 1975 - Gulbuget smalmund
- Synapturanus rabus Pyburn , 1977
- Synapturanus salseri Pyburn, 1975
- Synapturanus ajuricaba Fouquet, Leblanc, Fabre, Rodrigues, Menin, Courtois, Dewynter, Hölting, Ernst, Peloso og Kok, 2021
- Synapturanus mesomorphus Fouquet, Leblanc, Fabre, Rodrigues, Menin, Courtois, Dewynter, Hölting, Ernst, Peloso og Kok, 2021
- Synapturanus zombie Fouquet, Leblanc, Fabre, Rodrigues, Menin, Courtois, Dewynter, Hölting, Ernst, Peloso og Kok, 2021 [4]
- Synapturanus danta Chávez, Thompson, Sánchez, Chávez-Arribasplata & Catenazzi, 2022 [5]
Phrynomerinae Noble, 1931
- Phrynomantis Peters ,1867_ _ _ _ _
Scaphiophryninae Laurent, 1946
- Paradoxophyla Blommers-Schlösser & Blanc, 1991 ( 2 arter )
- Paradoxophyla palmata (Guibé, 1974) - Madagaskar løvfrø
- Paradoxophyla tiarano Andreone et al., 2006
- Scaphiophryne Boulenger , 1882 _ _ _ _ _
Galleri
-
ægformet smalmund
-
Oval smalt snit
-
Molukkens Lazun
-
Kaviar Paradoxophyla palmata
-
Scaphiophryne spinosa
Noter
- ↑ 1 2 3 Ananyeva N. B. , Borkin L. Ya., Darevsky I. S. , Orlov N. L. Femsprogets ordbog over dyrenavne. Padder og krybdyr. latin, russisk, engelsk, tysk, fransk. / under hovedredaktion af acad. V. E. Sokolova . - M . : Rus. lang. , 1988. - S. 93-102. — 10.500 eksemplarer. — ISBN 5-200-00232-X .
- ↑ Amphibia Web. Microhylidae . Giver oplysninger om paddefald, naturhistorie, bevaring og taksonomi (2017). Hentet 8. oktober 2017. Arkiveret fra originalen 3. april 2019.
- ↑ Frost, Darrel R. Microhylidae . Amfibiearter i verden: en onlinereference. Version 6.0 . American Museum of Natural History (2017). Hentet 24. september 2019. Arkiveret fra originalen 9. august 2019.
- ↑ Antoine Fouquet, Killian Leblanc, Anne-Claire Fabre, M. Rodrigues, M. Menin, Elodie A. Courtois, Maël Dewynter, M. Hölting, R. Ernst, P. Peloso, Philippe JR Kok. Sammenlignende osteologi af de fossoriale frøer af slægten Synapturanus (Anura, Microhylidae) med beskrivelsen af tre nye arter fra det østlige Guyana-skjold // Zoologischer Anzeiger . - 2021. - Bd. 6 , nr. 1 . - S. 46-73 . Arkiveret fra originalen den 26. juni 2022.
- ↑ Germán Chávez, Michelle E. Thompson, David A. Sánchez, Juan Carlos Chávez-Arribasplata, Alessandro Catenazzi. En nål i en høstak: Integrativ taksonomi afslører eksistensen af en ny lille art af fossiel frø (Anura, Microhylidae, Synapturanus) fra det store nedre Putumayo-bassin, Peru // Evolutionary Systematics . - 2022. - Bd. 6 , nr. 1 . - S. 9-20 . Arkiveret fra originalen den 20. juni 2022.
Links
Litteratur
- Günther, 1858: Om den systematiske ordning af de haleløse Batrachians og strukturen af Rhinophrynus dorsalis . Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, vol. 26, s. 339-352.
- Caldwell, George R. Zug; Laurie J. Vitt; Janalee P. (2001). Herpetologi: en indledende biologi af padder og krybdyr (2. udg.) . San Diego [ua]: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-782622-X .