Chi-kvadratfordelingskvantiler er numeriske karakteristika, der i vid udstrækning anvendes i matematiske statistikproblemer , såsom opbygning af konfidensintervaller , test af statistiske hypoteser og ikke-parametrisk estimering.
Chi-kvantilen er det tal (chi-kvadrat-værdi), hvor chi-kvadratfordelingsfunktionen er lig med den specificerede (anmodede) sandsynlighed a .
Ligheden af den chi-kvadrat-sandsynlighedsfordelingsfunktion a betyder, at der med sandsynlighed a vil blive observeret chi-kvadrat-værdier, der ikke er større end den fundne (defineret i henhold til fordelingsfunktionen) chi-kvantil. At finde en kvantil betyder således at afgrænse chi-kvadratfordelingerne i henhold til en given sandsynlighed a .
Lade være en chi-kvadratfordeling funktion med grader af frihed, og . Så er -kvantilen af denne fordeling et tal sådan, at
.Der findes approksimationer for at tilnærme kvantiterne af en chi-kvadratfordeling .
,
hvor:
,
på
på
,
hvor d er defineret på samme måde, og koefficienterne a, b, c er angivet i tabellen
-en | b | c |
---|---|---|
1,0000886 | -0,2237368 | -0,01513904 |
0,4713941 | 0,02607083 | -0,008986007 |
0,0001348028 | 0,01128186 | 0,02277679 |
-0,008553069 | -0,01153761 | -0,01323293 |
0,00312558 | 0,005169654 | -0,006950356 |
-0,0008426812 | 0,00253001 | 0,001060438 |
0,00009780499 | -0,001450117 | 0,001565326 |
Tabellen nedenfor blev opnået ved hjælp af chi2inv- funktionen Arkiveret 4. december 2009 på MATLAB Wayback Machine .
Kvantiler kan også opnås ved hjælp af andre softwareværktøjer:
For at få værdien skal du finde den række, der svarer til den ønskede , og kolonnen, der svarer til den ønskede . Det ønskede tal er i tabellen ved deres skæringspunkt.
For eksempel:
0,01 | 0,025 | 0,05 | 0,1 | 0,2 | 0,3 | 0,4 | 0,5 | 0,6 | 0,7 | 0,8 | 0,9 | 0,95 | 0,975 | 0,99 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
en | 0,0002 | 0,0010 | 0,0039 | 0,0158 | 0,0642 | 0,1485 | 0,2750 | 0,4549 | 0,7083 | 1,0742 | 1,6424 | 2,7055 | 3,8415 | 5,0239 | 6,6349 |
2 | 0,0201 | 0,0506 | 0,1026 | 0,2107 | 0,4463 | 0,7133 | 1,0217 | 1,3863 | 1,8326 | 2,4079 | 3,2189 | 4,6052 | 5,9915 | 7,3778 | 9,2103 |
3 | 0,1148 | 0,2158 | 0,3518 | 0,5844 | 1,0052 | 1,4237 | 1,8692 | 2,3660 | 2,9462 | 3,6649 | 4,6416 | 6,2514 | 7,8147 | 9,3484 | 11,3449 |
fire | 0,2971 | 0,4844 | 0,7107 | 1,0636 | 1,6488 | 2.1947 | 2,7528 | 3,3567 | 4,0446 | 4,8784 | 5,9886 | 7,7794 | 9,4877 | 11.1433 | 13,2767 |
5 | 0,5543 | 0,8312 | 1,1455 | 1,6103 | 2,3425 | 2,9999 | 3,6555 | 4,3515 | 5,1319 | 6,0644 | 7,2893 | 9,2364 | 11.0705 | 12,8325 | 15.0863 |
6 | 0,8721 | 1,2373 | 1,6354 | 2,2041 | 3,0701 | 3,8276 | 4,5702 | 5,3481 | 6,2108 | 7,2311 | 8,5581 | 10,6446 | 12.5916 | 14.4494 | 16,8119 |
7 | 1,2390 | 1,6899 | 2,1673 | 2,8331 | 3,8223 | 4,6713 | 5,4932 | 6,3458 | 7,2832 | 8,3834 | 9,8032 | 12,0170 | 14,0671 | 16.0128 | 18.4753 |
otte | 1,6465 | 2,1797 | 2,7326 | 3,4895 | 4,5936 | 5,5274 | 6,4226 | 7,3441 | 8,3505 | 9,5245 | 11.0301 | 13,3616 | 15,5073 | 17,5345 | 20.0902 |
9 | 2,0879 | 2,7004 | 3,3251 | 4,1682 | 5,3801 | 6,3933 | 7,3570 | 8,3428 | 9,4136 | 10,6564 | 12,2421 | 14,6837 | 16,9190 | 19.0228 | 21,6660 |
ti | 2,5582 | 3,2470 | 3,9403 | 4,8652 | 6,1791 | 7,2672 | 8,2955 | 9,3418 | 10,4732 | 11,7807 | 13,4420 | 15,9872 | 18,3070 | 20,4832 | 23.2093 |
elleve | 3,0535 | 3,8157 | 4,5748 | 5,5778 | 6,9887 | 8,1479 | 9,2373 | 10,3410 | 11,5298 | 12,8987 | 14,6314 | 17,2750 | 19,6751 | 21.9200 | 24,7250 |
12 | 3,5706 | 4,4038 | 5,2260 | 6,3038 | 7,8073 | 9,0343 | 10.1820 | 11.3403 | 12.5838 | 14.0111 | 15,8120 | 18.5493 | 21.0261 | 23,3367 | 26,2170 |
13 | 4,1069 | 5,0088 | 5,8919 | 7,0415 | 8,6339 | 9,9257 | 11.1291 | 12,3398 | 13,6356 | 15.1187 | 16,9848 | 19,8119 | 22,3620 | 24,7356 | 27,6882 |
fjorten | 4,6604 | 5,6287 | 6,5706 | 7,7895 | 9,4673 | 10,8215 | 12,0785 | 13,3393 | 14.6853 | 16,2221 | 18.1508 | 21.0641 | 23,6848 | 26.1189 | 29.1412 |
femten | 5,2293 | 6,2621 | 7,2609 | 8,5468 | 10,3070 | 11,7212 | 13,0297 | 14,3389 | 15,7332 | 17.3217 | 19,3107 | 22.3071 | 24.9958 | 27,4884 | 30,5779 |
16 | 5,8122 | 6,9077 | 7,9616 | 9,3122 | 11.1521 | 12,6243 | 13,9827 | 15,3385 | 16,7795 | 18,4179 | 20,4651 | 23.5418 | 26.2962 | 28,8454 | 31.9999 |
17 | 6,4078 | 7,5642 | 8,6718 | 10,0852 | 12.0023 | 13,5307 | 14,9373 | 16,3382 | 17,8244 | 19,5110 | 21,6146 | 24,7690 | 27,5871 | 30.1910 | 33,4087 |
atten | 7,0149 | 8,2307 | 9,3905 | 10,8649 | 12,8570 | 14,4399 | 15,8932 | 17,3379 | 18,8679 | 20.6014 | 22,7595 | 25,9894 | 28,8693 | 31,5264 | 34,8053 |
19 | 7,6327 | 8,9065 | 10,1170 | 11,6509 | 13,7158 | 15,3517 | 16.8504 | 18,3377 | 19,9102 | 21,6891 | 23.9004 | 27.2036 | 30,1435 | 32,8523 | 36.1909 |
tyve | 8,2604 | 9,5908 | 10,8508 | 12,4426 | 14,5784 | 16,2659 | 17,8088 | 19,3374 | 20,9514 | 22,7745 | 25,0375 | 28,4120 | 31,4104 | 34.1696 | 37,5662 |
21 | 8,8972 | 10,2829 | 11.5913 | 13,2396 | 15,4446 | 17.1823 | 18,7683 | 20,3372 | 21,9915 | 23,8578 | 26.1711 | 29,6151 | 32,6706 | 35,4789 | 38,9322 |
22 | 9,5425 | 10,9823 | 12,3380 | 14.0415 | 16,3140 | 18.1007 | 19,7288 | 21,3370 | 23.0307 | 24,9390 | 27.3015 | 30,8133 | 33,9244 | 36,7807 | 40,2894 |
23 | 10.1957 | 11,6886 | 13.0905 | 14,8480 | 17.1865 | 19.0211 | 20,6902 | 22,3369 | 24,0689 | 26.0184 | 28,4288 | 32,0069 | 35.1725 | 38,0756 | 41,6384 |
24 | 10,8564 | 12.4012 | 13,8484 | 15,6587 | 18.0618 | 19,9432 | 21,6525 | 23,3367 | 25,1063 | 27.0960 | 29,5533 | 33.1962 | 36,4150 | 39,3641 | 42,9798 |
25 | 11,5240 | 13.1197 | 14,6114 | 16,4734 | 18,9398 | 20,8670 | 22,6156 | 24,3366 | 26.1430 | 28.1719 | 30,6752 | 34,3816 | 37,6525 | 40,6465 | 44,3141 |
26 | 12.1981 | 13,8439 | 15,3792 | 17.2919 | 19,8202 | 21,7924 | 23,5794 | 25,3365 | 27.1789 | 29,2463 | 31,7946 | 35,5632 | 38,8851 | 41,9232 | 45,6417 |
27 | 12,8785 | 14.5734 | 16.1514 | 18.1139 | 20.7030 | 22,7192 | 24,5440 | 26,3363 | 28,2141 | 30,3193 | 32,9117 | 36,7412 | 40,1133 | 43.1945 | 46,9629 |
28 | 13,5647 | 15,3079 | 16,9279 | 18,9392 | 21,5880 | 23,6475 | 25,5093 | 27,3362 | 29,2486 | 31,3909 | 34,0266 | 37,9159 | 41,3371 | 44,4608 | 48,2782 |
29 | 14,2565 | 16,0471 | 17,7084 | 19,7677 | 22.4751 | 24,5770 | 26,4751 | 28,3361 | 30,2825 | 32,4612 | 35,1394 | 39,0875 | 42,5570 | 45,7223 | 49,5879 |
tredive | 14,9535 | 16,7908 | 18,4927 | 20,5992 | 23,3641 | 25,5078 | 27.4416 | 29,3360 | 31,3159 | 33,5302 | 36,2502 | 40,2560 | 43,7730 | 46,9792 | 50,8922 |
31 | 15,6555 | 17,5387 | 19,2806 | 21,4336 | 24,2551 | 26,4397 | 28,4087 | 30,3359 | 32,3486 | 34,5981 | 37,3591 | 41,4217 | 44,9853 | 48,2319 | 52.1914 |
32 | 16.3622 | 18.2908 | 20,0719 | 22.2706 | 25,1478 | 27,3728 | 29,3763 | 31,3359 | 33,3809 | 35,6649 | 38,4663 | 42,5847 | 46.1943 | 49,4804 | 53,4858 |
33 | 17.0735 | 19,0467 | 20,8665 | 23.1102 | 26.0422 | 28,3069 | 30,3444 | 32,3358 | 34,4126 | 36,7307 | 39,5718 | 43,7452 | 47,3999 | 50,7251 | 54,7755 |
34 | 17,7891 | 19,8063 | 21,6643 | 23,9523 | 26,9383 | 29,2421 | 31,3130 | 33,3357 | 35,4438 | 37,7954 | 40,6756 | 44,9032 | 48,6024 | 51,9660 | 56,0609 |
35 | 18,5089 | 20,5694 | 22.4650 | 24,7967 | 27,8359 | 30.1782 | 32,2821 | 34,3356 | 36,4746 | 38,8591 | 41,7780 | 46,0588 | 49,8018 | 53,2033 | 57,3421 |
36 | 19,2327 | 21,3359 | 23,2686 | 25,6433 | 28,7350 | 31.1152 | 33,2517 | 35,3356 | 37,5049 | 39,9220 | 42,8788 | 47,2122 | 50,9985 | 54,4373 | 58,6192 |
37 | 19,9602 | 22.1056 | 24.0749 | 26,4921 | 29,6355 | 32,0532 | 34,2216 | 36,3355 | 38,5348 | 40,9839 | 43,9782 | 48,3634 | 52.1923 | 55,6680 | 59,8925 |
38 | 20,6914 | 22,8785 | 24,8839 | 27,3430 | 30,5373 | 32,9919 | 35.1920 | 37,3355 | 39,5643 | 42,0451 | 45,0763 | 49,5126 | 53,3835 | 56,8955 | 61,1621 |
39 | 21,4262 | 23,6543 | 25,6954 | 28.1958 | 31,4405 | 33,9315 | 36,1628 | 38,3354 | 40,5935 | 43,1053 | 46,1730 | 50,6598 | 54,5722 | 58,1201 | 62,4281 |
40 | 22.1643 | 24,4330 | 26,5093 | 29,0505 | 32,3450 | 34,8719 | 37,1340 | 39,3353 | 41,6222 | 44,1649 | 47,2685 | 51,8051 | 55,7585 | 59,3417 | 63,6907 |
41 | 22,9056 | 25,2145 | 27,3256 | 29,9071 | 33,2506 | 35,8131 | 38,1055 | 40,3353 | 42,6506 | 45,2236 | 48,3628 | 52,9485 | 56,9424 | 60,5606 | 64,9501 |
42 | 23,6501 | 25,9987 | 28.1440 | 30,7654 | 34,1574 | 36,7550 | 39,0774 | 41,3352 | 43,6786 | 46,2817 | 49,4560 | 54,0902 | 58,1240 | 61,7768 | 66,2062 |
43 | 24.3976 | 26,7854 | 28,9647 | 31,6255 | 35,0653 | 37,6975 | 40,0496 | 42,3352 | 44,7063 | 47,3390 | 50,5480 | 55,2302 | 59,3035 | 62,9904 | 67,4593 |
44 | 25,1480 | 27,5746 | 29,7875 | 32,4871 | 35,9743 | 38,6408 | 41,0222 | 43,3352 | 45,7336 | 48,3957 | 51,6389 | 56,3685 | 60,4809 | 64.2015 | 68,7095 |
45 | 25.9013 | 28,3662 | 30,6123 | 33,3504 | 36,8844 | 39,5847 | 41,9950 | 44,3351 | 46,7607 | 49,4517 | 52,7288 | 57,5053 | 61,6562 | 65,4102 | 69,9568 |
46 | 26,6572 | 29.1601 | 31,4390 | 34,2152 | 37,7955 | 40,5292 | 42,9682 | 45,3351 | 47,7874 | 50,5071 | 53,8177 | 58,6405 | 62,8296 | 66,6165 | 71.2014 |
47 | 27,4158 | 29,9562 | 32,2676 | 35,0814 | 38,7075 | 41,4744 | 43,9417 | 46,3350 | 48,8139 | 51,5619 | 54,9056 | 59,7743 | 64.0011 | 67,8206 | 72,4433 |
48 | 28.1770 | 30,7545 | 33.0981 | 35,9491 | 39,6205 | 42,4201 | 44,9154 | 47,3350 | 49,8401 | 52,6161 | 55,9926 | 60,9066 | 65,1708 | 69,0226 | 73,6826 |
49 | 28,9406 | 31,5549 | 33,9303 | 36,8182 | 40,5344 | 43,3664 | 45,8895 | 48,3350 | 50,8660 | 53,6697 | 57,0786 | 62,0375 | 66,3386 | 70,2224 | 74,9195 |
halvtreds | 29,7067 | 32,3574 | 34,7643 | 37,6886 | 41,4492 | 44,3133 | 46,8638 | 49,3349 | 51,8916 | 54,7228 | 58,1638 | 63,1671 | 67,5048 | 71,4202 | 76,1539 |