Kegler (slægt)
| Kegler (slægt) | ||||||||||
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| conus geographus | ||||||||||
| videnskabelig klassifikation | ||||||||||
| Domæne:eukaryoterKongerige:DyrUnderrige:EumetazoiIngen rang:Bilateralt symmetriskIngen rang:protostomerIngen rang:SpiralformetType:skaldyrKlasse:gastropoderUnderklasse:CenogastropoderHold:NeogastropodaSuperfamilie:ConoideaFamilie:KeglerSlægt:Conus | ||||||||||
| Internationalt videnskabeligt navn | ||||||||||
| Conus ( Linnaeus , 1758 ) | ||||||||||
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Kogler ( lat. Conus ) - den mest talrige slægt af rovsneglebløddyr fra keglefamilien . Den har over 600 arter [1] .
Beskrivelse
Bløddyr af slægten Conus har en absolut konisk skal med en glat central krop ( Columella ) og en aflang, tynd, lige, ikke-tandet mund. På toppen af denne kegle, hvorfra sifonen kommer ud , er hovedet af en snegl. Operculum er lille.
Arterne adskiller sig meget i størrelse, farve og mønster. De største eksemplarer når en længde på op til 23 cm.
Fordeling
Udbredt i tropiske og subtropiske have. Slægten når sin højeste artsdiversitet i den vestlige del af Indo-Pacific-regionen. Adskillige arter findes på tempererede breddegrader ud for Sydafrikas kyst [2] [3] , i Middelhavet ( Conus mediterraneus ) [4] og ud for kysten af det sydlige Californien ( Conus californicus ) [5] . Ingen i Centraleuropa. Arter af slægten Conus bor i forskellige kystområder ned til dybere områder med sandet, klippebund eller koralrev.
Reproduktion
Bløddyr er toeboer. Hannen har en tilbagetrækkelig penis. Hunnen har en kirtel på benet, ved hjælp af hvilken der dannes ægkapsler. Op ad benet falder æggene ind i åbningen af denne kirtel. Æggekapsler er fastgjort til en solid base. I én ægkapsel, afhængig af art og individ, blev der talt fra 40 til 11.400 æg. De fleste af æggene bliver til larver. I kapslen varer trochophorfasen 2-6 dage, efterfulgt af veligerfasen 6-10 dage senere . Veligerlarverne klækkes i løbet af cirka 2 uger. De levede ikke længere end 9 dage i laboratoriet. Hos arten Conus pennaceus sker metamorfose allerede på den første udklækkelsesdag . Unge bløddyrs radula adskiller sig fra voksne snegles [6] .
Mad
Alle typer kegler er rovdyr, der dræber deres bytte med en gift ( conotoxin ), der sprøjtes ind i ofrets krop ved hjælp af en radulas harpunlignende tand. Bløddyret opfatter nærliggende bytte kemisk ved hjælp af osphradium , som er særligt veludviklet i kogler. Ådsler forårsagede ikke søgereaktioner hos de undersøgte bløddyr, i modsætning til levende bytte. Gifttand bruges kun én gang. Efter et mislykket forsøg på at angribe, bliver han afvist, eller absorberet sammen med bytte [7] . Mange keglearter lever af polychaetes . Der er flere typer kogler, der har specialiseret sig i at fodre med skaldyr eller fisk. Disse arter har særligt hurtigtvirkende gifte for at forhindre bytte i at undslippe. Conus striatus [7] , Conus catus [7] , Conus magus [8] og Conus geographus [9] lever af fisk, mens Conus marmoreus [10] og Conus tekstil [11] lever af bløddyr. Hos arten Conus magus er det observeret, at ungerne, som stadig er for små til at jage fisk, lever af små polychaeter, mens fisk bliver voksnes bytte.
Naturlige fjender
Æg og keglelarver bliver bytte for fisk, de næste mulige fjender for unger er søstjerner og sprøde stjerner . Voksne bløddyr har få fjender. De forsvarer sig mod rovdyr med deres giftige harpuner, på samme måde fra mennesker. Søstjerner fodrede sig med kogler i en laboratorietest kun undtagelsesvis, mens bløddyr af slægten Cymatium gentagne gange angreb kogler [6] .
Arter
Ifølge World Register of Marine Species omfatter slægten 748 arter [12] :
- Conus abbas Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus abbreviatus Reeve, 1843
- Conus abrolhosensis Petuch , 1987
- Conus achatinus Gmelin, 1791
- Conus aculeiformis Reeve, 1844
- Conus acutangulus Lamarck, 1810
- Conus acutimarginatus G. B. Sowerby II, 1866
- Conus Adami Wils, 1988
- Conus adamsonii Broderip, 1836
- Conus advertex (Garrard, 1961)
- Conus aemulus Reeve, 1844
- Conus africanus Kiener, 1845
- Conus alabaster Reeve, 1849
- Conus alainallaryi Bozzetti & Monnier, 2009
- Conus albellus Rockel & Korn, 1990
- Conus albuquerquei Trovao, 1978
- Conus alconnelli da Motta, 1986
- Conus alexandrei (Limpalaër & Monnier, 2012)
- Conus algoensis Sowerby I, 1834
- Conus alisi Moolenbeek, Röckel & Richard, 1995
- Conus allamandi (Petuch, 2013)
- Conus allaryi Bozzetti, 2008
- Conus amadis Gmelin, 1791
- Conus ambiguus Reeve, 1844
- Conus ammiralis Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus amphiurgus Dall, 1889
- Conus amplus Rockel & Korn, 1992
- Conus anabathrum Crosse, 1865
- Conus anabelae Rolán & Röckel, 2001
- Conus anaglypticus Crosse, 1865
- Conus andamanensis E. A. Smith, 1879
- Conus andremenezi Olivera & Biggs, 2010
- Conus anemone Lamarck, 1810
- Conus angasi Tryon, 1884
- Conus angioiorum Röckel & Moolenbeek, 1992
- Conus anthonyi (Petuch, 1975)
- Conus antoniomonteiroi Rolán, 1990
- Conus aphrodite Petuch, 1979
- Conus aplustre Reeve, 1843
- Conus araneosus sensu Lightfoot, 1786
- Conus arangoi Sarasua, 1977
- Conus archetypus Crosse, 1865
- Conus archon Broderip, 1833
- Conus arcuatus Broderip & G. B. Sowerby I, 1829
- Conus ardisiaceus Kiener, 1845
- Conus arenatus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus aristophanes G. B. Sowerby II, 1857
- Conus bæltedyr Shikama, 1971
- Conus armiger Crosse, 1858
- Conus articulatus Sowerby II, 1873
- Conus artoptus G. B. Sowerby I, 1833
- Conus Asiaticus da Motta, 1985
- Conus ateralbus Kiener, 1845
- Conus athenae Filmer, 2011
- Conus atimovatae (Bozzetti, 2012)
- Conus atlanticoselvagem Afonso & Tenorio, 2004
- Conus attenuatus Reeve, 1844
- Conus augur Lightfoot, 1786
- Conus aulicus Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus aurantius Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus auratinus da Motta, 1982
- Conus aureonimbosus Petuch , 1987
- Conus aureus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus auricomus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus aurisiacus Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus australis Holten, 1802
- Conus austroviola Rockel & Korn, 1992
- Conus axelrodi Walls, 1978
- Conus babaensis Rolán & Röckel, 2001
- Conus baccatus G. B. Sowerby III, 1877
- Conus baeri Rockel & Korn, 1992
- Conus baileyi Röckel & da Motta, 1979
- Conus bairstowi Sowerby III, 1889
- Conus bajanensis Nowell-Usticke, 1968
- Conus balabacensis filmer, 2012
- Conus balteatus Sowerby II, 1833
- Conus bandanus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus barbieri G. Raybaudi Massilia, 1995
- Conus barthelemyi Bernardi, 1861
- Conus bartschi G. D. Hanna & Strong, 1949
- Conus bayani Jouseaume, 1872
- Conus bayeri Petuch , 1987
- Conus beatrix Tenorio, Poppe & Tagaro, 2007
- Conus beddomei G. B. Sowerby III, 1901
- Conus belairensis Pin & Leung Tack i Pin, 1989
- Conus belizeanus (Petuch & Sargent, 2011)
- Conus bellocqae van Rossum, 1996
- Conus bellulus Rolán, 1990
- Conus bengalensis (Okutani, 1968)
- Conus berdulinus Veillard, 1972
- Conus bertarollae Costa & Simone, 1997
- Conus bessei Petuch , 1992
- Conus betulinus Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus biancae Bozzetti, 2010
- Conus biliosus (Röding, 1798)
- Conus binghamae Petuch , 1987
- Conus biraghii (G. Raybaudi, 1992)
- Conus blanfordianus Crosse, 1867
- Conus boavistensis Rolán & Fernandes, 1990
- Conus bocagei Trovao, 1978
- Conus boeticus Reeve, 1844
- Conus boholensis Petuch , 1979
- Conus bondarevi Röckel & G. Raybaudi Massilia, 1992
- Conus bonfigliolii (Bozzetti, 2010)
- Conus borgesi Trovao, 1979
- Conus bochorum Moolenbeek & Coomans, 1993
- Conus boucheti Richard, 1983
- Conus boutetorum Richard & Rabiller, 2013
- Conus bozzetti Lauer, 1991
- Conus brasiliensis Clench, 1942
- Conus brianhayesi Korn, 2001
- Conus broderipii Reeve, 1844
- Conus bruguieri Kiener, 1846
- Conus brunneofilaris Petuch , 1990
- Conus brunneus Wood, 1828
- Conus bruuni Powell, 1958
- Conus bulbus Reeve, 1843
- Conus bullatus Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus buniatus (Bozzetti, 2013)
- Conus burryae Clench, 1942
- Conus buxeus (Röding, 1798)
- Conus byssinus (Röding, 1798)
- Conus cacao Ferrario, 1983
- Conus caillaudii Kiener, 1845
- Conus cakobaui Moolenbeek, Röckel & Bouchet, 2008
- Conus calhetae Rolán, 1990
- Conus californicus Reeve, 1844
- Conus cancellatus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus canonicus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus capitanellus Fulton, 1938
- Conus capitaneus Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus capreolus Rockel, 1985
- Conus caracteristicus Fischer von Waldheim, 1807
- Conus cardinalis Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus cargilei Coltro, 2004
- Conus caribbaeus Clench, 1942
- Conus carioca Petuch, 1986
- Conus carnalis G. B. Sowerby III, 1879
- Conus catus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus cebuensis Wils, 1990
- Conus cedonulli Linnaeus, 1767
- Conus centurio Født 1778
- Conus cepasi Trovao, 1975
- Conus ceruttii Cargile, 1997
- Conus cervus Lamarck, 1822
- Conus chaldeus (Röding, 1798)
- Conus chiangi (Azuma, 1972)
- Conus chiapponorum Lorenz, 2004
- Conus chytreus Tryon, 1884
- Conus ciderryi da Motta, 1985
- Conus cinereus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus cingulatus Lamarck, 1810
- Conus circumactus Iredale, 1929
- Conus circumcisus Født 1778
- Conus clarus E. A. Smith, 1881
- Conus claudiae Tenorio & Afonso, 2004
- Conus clerii Reeve, 1844
- Conus cloveri Walls, 1978
- Conus cocceus Reeve, 1844
- Conus coccineus Gmelin, 1791
- Conus coelinae Crosse, 1858
- Conus coffeae Gmelin, 1791
- Conus coletteae (Petuch, 2013)
- Conus colmani Rockel & Korn, 1990
- Conus colombi (Monnier & Limpalaër, 2012)
- Conus colombianus Petuch, 1987
- Conus comatosa Pilsbry, 1904
- Conus compressus G. B. Sowerby II, 1866
- Conus consors G. B. Sowerby I, 1833
- Conus corallinus Kiener, 1845
- Conus coriolisi Röckel, Richard & Moolenbeek, 1995
- Conus coronatus Gmelin, 1791
- Conus crioulus Tenorio & Afonso, 2004
- Conus crocatus Lamarck, 1810
- Conus crotchii Reeve, 1849
- Conus cumingii Reeve, 1848
- Conus cuna Petuch, 1998
- Conus cuneolus Reeve, 1843
- Conus curassaviensis Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus curralensis Rolán, 1986
- Conus cuvieri Crosse, 1858
- Conus cyanostoma A. Adams, 1855
- Conus cylindraceus Broderip & G. B. Sowerby I, 1830
- Conus dalli Stearns, 1873
- Conus damasoi Cossignani, 2007
- Conus damottai Trovao, 1979
- Conus dampierensis Coomans & Filmer, 1985
- Conus danilai Rockel & Korn, 1990
- Conus daphne Boivin, 1864
- Conus darkini Rockel , Korn & Richard, 1993
- Conus daucus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus dayriti Röckel & da Motta, 1983
- Conus decoratus Röckel , Rolán & Monteiro, 1980
- Conus dedonderi (Goethaels & D. Monsecour, 2013)
- Conus delanoyae Trovão, 1979
- Conus deleessertii Recluz, 1843
- Conus delucai Coltro, 2004
- Conus denizi (Afonso & Tenorio, 2011)
- Conus derrubado Rolán & Fernandes, 1990
- Conus desidiosus A. Adams, 1853
- Conus deynzerorum Petuch , 1995
- Conus diadema G. B. Sowerby I, 1834
- Conus diktator Melvill, 1898
- Conus dieteri Moolenbeek, Zandbergen & Bouchet, 2008
- Conus diminutus Trovão & Rolán, 1986
- Conus dispar G. B. Sowerby I, 1833
- Conus distans Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus dondani Kosuge, 1981
- Conus dorotheae Monnier & Limpalaër, 2010
- Conus dorreensis Peron , 1807
- Conus duffyi Petuch , 1992
- Conus dusaveli (H. Adams, 1872)
- Conus ebraeus Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus eburneus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus echinophilus (Petuch, 1975)
- Conus edaphus Dall, 1910
- Conus ednae (Petuch, 2013)
- Conus edwardpauli Petuch , 1998
- Conus eldredi Morrison, 1955
- Conus elegans G. B. Sowerby III, 1895
- Conus eleutheraensis (Petuch, 2013)
- Conus elokismenos Kilburn, 1975
- Conus emaciatus Reeve, 1849
- Conus emarginatus Reeve, 1844
- Conus emersoni G. D. Hanna, 1963
- Conus empressae Lorenz, 2001
- Conus encaustus Kiener, 1845
- Conus episcopatus da Motta, 1982
- Conus ermineus Født 1778
- Conus erythraeensis Reeve, 1843
- Conus escondidai Poppe & Tagaro, 2005
- Conus estivali Moolenbeek & Richard, 1995
- Conus eucoronatus Sowerby III, 1903
- Conus eugrammatus Bartsch & Rehder, 1943
- Conus eversoni Petuch , 1987
- Conus evorai Monteiro, Fernandes & Rolán, 1995
- Conus excelsus G. B. Sowerby III, 1908
- Conus exiguus Lamarck, 1810
- Conus eximius Reeve, 1849
- Conus opdagelsesrejsende Vink, 1990
- Conus exumaensis (Petuch, 2013)
- Conus fantasmalis Rolán, 1990
- Conus felitae Rolán, 1990
- Conus felix Fenzan, 2012
- Conus fenzani (Petuch & Sargent, 2011)
- Conus fergusoni G. B. Sowerby II, 1873
- Conus fernandesi Tenorio, Afonso & Rolán, 2008
- Conus ferrugineus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus figulinus Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus fijiensis Moolenbeek, Röckel & Bouchet, 2008
- Conus fijisulcatus Moolenbeek, Röckel & Bouchet, 2008
- Conus filmeri Rolán & Röckel, 2000
- Conus fischoederi Röckel & da Motta, 1983
- Conus flamingo Petuch, 1980
- Conus flammeacolor Petuch , 1992
- Conus flavescens G. B. Sowerby I, 1834
- Conus flavidus Lamarck, 1810
- Conus flavus Rockel, 1985
- Conus flavusalbus Rolán & Röckel, 2000
- Conus floccatus G. B. Sowerby I, 1841
- Conus floridulus A. Adams & Reeve, 1848
- Conus fluviamaris (Petuch & Sargent, 2011)
- Conus fontonae Rolán & Trovão, 1990
- Conus fragilissimus Petuch, 1979
- Conus franciscoi Rolán & Röckel, 2000
- Conus frausseni Tenorio & Poppe, 2004
- Conus frigidus Reeve, 1848
- Conus fulmen Reeve, 1843
- Conus fumigatus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus furnae Rolán, 1990
- Conus furvus Reeve, 1843
- Conus fuscoflavus Röckel , Rolán & Monteiro, 1980
- Conus fuscolineatus G. B. Sowerby III, 1905
- Conus gabelishi da Motta & Ninomiya, 1982
- Conus gabrielae Rolán & Röckel, 2000
- Conus garciai da Motta, 1982
- Conus garywilsoni Lorenz & Morrison, 2004
- Conus gauguini Richard & Salvat, 1973
- Conus generalis Linnaeus, 1767
- Conus genuanus Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus geographus Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus gigasulcatus Moolenbeek, Röckel & Bouchet, 2008
- Conus gilberti (Bozzetti, 2012)
- Conus giorossii Bozzetti, 2005
- Conus gladiator Broderip, 1833
- Conus glans Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus glaucus Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus glenni Petuch , 1993
- Conus glicksteini Petuch , 1987
- Conus gloriakiiensis Kuroda & Itô, 1961
- Conus gloriamaris Chemnitz, 1777
- Conus glorioceanus Poppe & Tagaro, 2009
- Conus gondwanensis Röckel & Moolenbeek, 1995
- Conus gordyi Röckel & Bondarev, 2000
- Conus goudeyi (Monnier & Limpalaër, 2012)
- Conus gradatulus Weinkauff, 1875
- Conus gradatus W. Wood, 1828
- Conus grahami Röckel , Cosel & Burnay, 1980
- Conus grangeri G. B. Sowerby III, 1900
- Conus granulatus Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus granum Röckel & Fischöder, 1985
- Conus gratacapii Pilsbry, 1904
- Conus grohi Tenorio & Poppe, 2004
- Conus guanche Lauer, 1993
- Conus guvernør Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus guidopoppei Raybaudi Massilia, 2005
- Conus guinaicus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus guyanensis Van Mol, 1973
- Conus habui Lan, 2002
- Conus hamamotoi Yoshiba & Koyama, 1984
- Conus hamanni Fainzilber & Mienis, 1986
- Conus hanshassi (Lorenz & Barbier, 2012)
- Conus harlandi Petuch , 1987
- Conus havanensis Aguayo & Farfante, 1947
- Conus helgae Blöcher, 1992
- Conus henckesi Coltro, 2004
- Conus hennequini Petuch , 1993
- Conus hieroglyphus Duclos, 1833
- Conus hirasei (Kuroda, 1956)
- Conus hivanus Moolenbeek, Zandbergen & Bouchet, 2008
- Conus honkeri Petuch , 1988
- Conus hopwoodi Tomlin, 1937
- Conus howelli Iredale, 1929
- Conus hunti Wils & Moolenbeek, 1979
- Conus hyaena Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus hybridus Kiener, 1845
- Conus iansa Petuch , 1979
- Conus ichinoseanus (Kuroda, 1956)
- Conus ignotus Cargile, 1998
- Conus iheringi Frenguelli, 1946
- Conus ikedai Ninomiya, 1987
- Conus immelmani Korn, 1998
- Conus imperialis Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus inconstans E. A. Smith, 1877
- Conus infinitus Rolán, 1990
- Conus infrenatus Reeve, 1848
- Conus inscriptus Reeve, 1845
- Conus insculptus Kiener, 1847
- Conus iodostoma Reeve, 1843
- Conus ione Fulton, 1938
- Conus irregularis G. B. Sowerby II, 1858
- Conus isabelarum Tenorio & Afonso, 2004
- Conus jacarusoi Petuch , 1998
- Conus janowskyae (Tucker & Tenorio, 2011)
- Conus janus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus jaspideus Gmelin, 1791
- Conus jeanmartini G. Raybaudi Massilia, 1992
- Conus jeffreyi (Petuch & Sargent, 2011)
- Conus jickelii Weinkauff, 1873
- Conus joliveti Moolenbeek, Röckel & Bouchet, 2008
- Conus jorioi (Petuch, 2013)
- Conus josephinae Rolán, 1980
- Conus jourdani da Motta, 1984
- Conus jucundus G. B. Sowerby III, 1887
- Conus judaeus Bergh, 1895
- Conus julieandreae Cargile, 1995
- Conus julii Lienard, 1870
- Conus kaiserae (Tenorio, Tucker & Chaney, 2012)
- Conus kalafuti da Motta, 1987
- Conus kanakinus Richard, 1983
- Conus kawamurai Habe, 1962
- Conus kersteni Tenorio, Afonso & Rolán, 2008
- Conus kerstitchi Walls, 1978
- Conus kevani Petuch , 1987
- Conus kiicumulus (Azuma, 1982)
- Conus kimioi (Habe, 1965)
- Conus kinoshitai (Kuroda, 1956)
- Conus kintoki Habe & Kosuge, 1970
- Conus klemae (bomuld, 1953)
- Conus knudseni Sander, 1982
- Conus kohni McLean & Nybakken, 1979
- Conus corni G. Raybaudi Massilia, 1993
- Conus kostini Filmer, Monteiro, Lorenz & Verdasca, 2012
- Conus kremerorum Petuch , 1988
- Conus kuiperi Moolenbeek, 2006
- Conus kulkulcan Petuch , 1980
- Conus kuroharai (Habe, 1965)
- Conus lamberti Souverbie, 1877
- Conus lani Crandall, 1979
- Conus laterculatus G. B. Sowerby II, 1870
- Conus laueri (Monnier & Limpalaër, 2013)
- Conus lecourtorum (Lorenz, 2011)
- Conus leekremeri Petuch , 1987
- Conus legatus Lamarck, 1810
- Conus lemniscatus Reeve, 1849
- Conus lenavati da Motta & Röckel, 1982
- Conus lenhilli Cargile, 1998
- Conus lentiginosus Reeve, 1844
- Conus leobottonii Lorenz, 2006
- Conus leobrerai da Motta & Martin, 1982
- Conus leopardus (Röding, 1798)
- Conus levis (Bozzetti, 2012)
- Conus levistimpsoni (Tucker, 2013)
- Conus leviteni (Tucker, Tenorio & Chaney, 2011)
- Conus lienardi Bernardi & Crosse, 1861
- Conus lightbourni Petuch , 1986
- Conus limpusi Rockel & Korn, 1990
- Conus lindae Petuch , 1987
- Conus lischkeanus Weinkauff, 1875
- Conus litoglyphus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus litteratus Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus lividus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus lizardensis Crosse, 1865
- Conus lizarum (G. Raybaudi Massilia & da Motta, 1992)
- Conus locumtenens Blumenbach, 1791
- Conus lohri Kilburn, 1972
- Conus longilineus Röckel , Rolán & Monteiro, 1980
- Conus longurionis Kiener, 1850
- Conus lorenzi (Monnier & Limpalaër, 2012)
- Conus loyaltiensis Röckel & Moolenbeek, 1995
- Conus lozeti Richard, 1980
- Conus lucasi (Bozzetti, 2010)
- Conus luciae Moolenbeek, 1986
- Conus lucidus W. Wood, 1828
- Conus lugubris Reeve, 1849
- Conus luquei Rolán & Trovão, 1990
- Conus luteus G. B. Sowerby I, 1833
- Conus lynceus G. B. Sowerby II, 1858
- Conus mackintoshi (Petuch, 2013)
- Conus madagascariensis G. B. Sowerby II, 1858
- Conus madecassinus (Bozzetti, 2012)
- Conus magellanicus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus magnificus Reeve, 1843
- Conus magnottei Petuch , 1987
- Conus magus Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus mahogani Reeve, 1843
- Conus maioensis Trovão, Rolán & Félix-Alves, 1990
- Conus malacanus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus mappa Lightfoot, 1786
- Conus marchionatus Hinds, 1843
- Conus marielae Rehder & Wilson, 1975
- Conus marmoreus Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus martensi E. A. Smith, 1884
- Conus mauricioi Coltro, 2004
- Conus maya (Petuch & Sargent, 2011)
- Conus mayaguensis Nowell-Usticke, 1968
- Conus mazei Deshayes, 1874
- Conus mcbridei Lorenz, 2005
- Conus mcgintyi Pilsbry, 1955
- Conus medoci Lorenz, 2004
- Conus melissae Tenorio, Afonso & Rolán, 2008
- Conus melvilli G. B. Sowerby III, 1879
- Conus memiae (Habe & Kosuge, 1970)
- Conus mercator Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus merleti Mayissian, 1974
- Conus messiasi Rolán & Fernandes, 1990
- Conus micropunctatus Rolán & Röckel, 2000
- Conus miles Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus milesi E. A. Smith, 1887
- Conus miliaris Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus milneedwardsi Jousseaume, 1894
- Conus mindanus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus miniexcelsus Olivera & Biggs, 2010
- Conus minnamurra (Garrard, 1961)
- Conus miruchae Röckel , Rolán & Monteiro, 1980
- Conus mitratus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus moluccensis Kuster, 1838
- Conus monachus Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus monile Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus monilifer Broderip, 1833
- Conus moolenbeeki filmer, 2011
- Conus mordeirae Rolán & Trovão, 1990
- Conus moreleti Crosse, 1858
- Conus morrisoni G. Raybaudi Massilia, 1991
- Conus mozambicus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus mucronatus Reeve, 1843
- Conus mulderi Fulton, 1936
- Conus muriculatus G. B. Sowerby I, 1833
- Conus mus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus musicus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus mustelinus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus namocanus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus nanus G. B. Sowerby I, 1833
- Conus naranjus Trovao, 1975
- Conus natalis Sowerby II, 1858
- Conus navarroi Rolán, 1986
- Conus neoguttatus da Motta, 1991
- Conus neptunus Reeve, 1843
- Conus niederhoeferi (Monnier, Limpalaër & Lorenz, 2012)
- Conus nielsenae Marsh, 1962
- Conus nigromaculatus Röckel & Moolenbeek, 1992
- Conus nimbosus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus nobilis Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus nobrei Trovao, 1975
- Conus nocturnus Lightfoot, 1786
- Conus nodulosus G. B. Sowerby II, 1864
- Conus novaehollandiae A. Adams, 1855
- Conus nucleus Reeve, 1848
- Conus nussatella Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus nux Broderip, 1833
- Conus nybakkeni (Tenorio, Tucker & Chaney, 2012)
- Conus obscurus G. B. Sowerby I, 1833
- Conus ochroleucus Gmelin, 1791
- Conus oishii (Shikama, 1977)
- Conus oleiniki (Petuch, 2013)
- Conus olgae Bacallado, Espinosa & Ortea, 2007
- Conus olgiatii Bozzetti, 2007
- Conus omaria Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus orbignyi Audouin, 1831
- Conus orion Broderip, 1833
- Conus ortneri Petuch , 1998
- Conus ostrinus (Tucker & Tenorio, 2011)
- Conus otohimeae Kuroda & Itô, 1961
- Conus pacei Petuch , 1987
- Conus pacificus Moolenbeek & Röckel, 1996
- Conus pagodus Kiener, 1845
- Conus papilliferus G. B. Sowerby I, 1834
- Conus papuensis Coomans & Moolenbeek, 1982
- Conus paraguana Petuch , 1987
- Conus parascalaris Petuch , 1987
- Conus parius Reeve, 1844
- Conus parvatus Walls, 1979
- Conus patae Abbott, 1971
- Conus patglicksteinae Petuch , 1987
- Conus patricius Hinds, 1843
- Conus paukstisi (Tucker, Tenorio & Chaney, 2011)
- Conus paulae Petuch , 1988
- Conus paulucciae G. B. Sowerby III, 1887
- Conus pauperculus G. B. Sowerby II, 1834
- Conus pealii Grøn, 1830
- Conus peli Moolenbeek, 1996
- Conus penchaszadehi Petuch , 1986
- Conus pennaceus Født 1778
- Conus pepeiu Moolenbeek, Zandbergen & Bouchet, 2008
- Conus pergrandis (Iredale, 1937)
- Conus perplexus G. B. Sowerby II, 1857
- Conus perprotractus Petuch , 1987
- Conus pertusus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus pfluegeri Petuch , 2003
- Conus philippi Kiener, 1845
- Conus pica A. Adams & Reeve, 1848
- Conus pictus Reeve, 1843
- Conus pineaui Pin & Leung Tack, 1989
- Conus planorbis Født, 1778
- Conus platensis Frenguelli, 1946 †
- Conus plinthis Richard & Moolenbeek, 1988
- Conus polongimarumai Kosuge, 1980
- Conus poormani Berry, 1968
- Conus portobeloensis Petuch, 1990
- Conus poulosi Petuch , 1993
- Conus praecellens A. Adams, 1855
- Conus pretiosus G. Nevill & H. Nevill, 1874
- Conus primus Rockel & Korn, 1990
- Conus princeps Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus priscai (Bozzetti, 2012)
- Conus profundorum (Kuroda, 1956)
- Conus proximus G. B. Sowerby II, 1860
- Conus pseudaurantius Vink & Cosel, 1985
- Conus pseudimperialis Moolenbeek, Zandbergen & Bouchet, 2008
- Conus pseudocuneolus Röckel, Rolán & Monteiro, 1980
- Conus pseudokimioi da Motta & Martin, 1982
- Conus pseudonivifer Monteiro, Tenorio & Poppe, 2004
- Conus pseudorbignyi Röckel & Lan, 1981
- Conus pulcher (Lightfoot), 1786
- Conus pulicarius Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus puncticulatus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus purissimus filmer, 2011
- Conus purpurascens G. B. Sowerby I, 1833
- Conus pusio Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus queenslandis da Motta, 1984
- Conus quercinus Lightfoot, 1786
- Conus quiquandoni Lorenz & Barbier, 2008
- Conus rachelae Petuch , 1988
- Conus radiatus Gmelin, 1791
- Conus rainesae McGinty, 1953
- Conus ranonganus da Motta, 1978
- Conus raoulensis Powell, 1958
- Conus rattus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus raulsilvai Rolán, Monteiro & Fernandes, 1998
- Conus rawaiensis da Motta, 1978
- Conus reclusianus Bernardi, 1853
- Conus recurvus Broderip, 1833
- Conus reductaspiralis Walls, 1979
- Conus regius Gmelin, 1791
- Conus regonae Rolán & Trovão, 1990
- Conus regularis G. B. Sowerby I, 1833
- Conus retifer Menke, 1829
- Conus richardbinghami Petuch , 1993
- Conus richardsae Röckel & Korn, 1992
- Conus richeri Richard & Moolenbeek, 1988
- Conus ritae Petuch , 1995
- Conus rizali Olivera & Biggs, 2010
- Conus roatanensis (Petuch & Sargent, 2011)
- Conus Roberti Richard, 2009
- Conus robini (Limpalaër & Monnier, 2012)
- Conus rockeli Rolán, 1980
- Conus rolani Rockel , 1986
- Conus rosalindensis Petuch, 1998
- Conus rosemaryae Petuch, 1990
- Conus roseorapum G. Raybaudi & da Motta, 1990
- Conus royaikeni (SG Veldsman, 2010)
- Conus rufimaculosus Macpherson, 1959
- Conus ruthae (Monnier & Limpalaër, 2013)
- Conus rutilus Menke, 1843
- Conus saecularis Melvill, 1898
- Conus sagei Korn & G. Raybaudi Massilia, 1993
- Conus sahlbergi da Motta & Harland, 1986
- Conus salreiensis Rolán, 1980
- Conus salzmanni G. Raybaudi-Massilia & Rolán, 1997
- Conus sanderi Wils & Moolenbeek, 1979
- Conus sandwichensis Walls, 1978
- Conus sanguinolentus Quoy & Gaimard, 1834
- Conus saragasae Rolán, 1986
- Conus sargenti (Petuch, 2013)
- Conus sauros Garcia, 2006
- Conus sazanka Shikama, 1970
- Conus scalaris Valenciennes, 1832
- Conus scalarispira (Bozzetti, 2012)
- Conus scalarissimus da Motta, 1988
- Conus scalptus Reeve, 1843
- Conus scariphus Dall, 1910
- Conus schirrmeisteri Coltro, 2004
- Conus scopulicola (Okutani, 1972)
- Conus scopulorum van Mol, Tursch & Kempf, 1971
- Conus scottjordani (Poppe, Monnier & Tagaro, 2012)
- Conus sculletti Marsh, 1962
- Conus sculpturatus Röckel & da Motta, 1986
- Conus serranegrae Rolán, 1990
- Conus sertacinctus Rockel , 1986
- Conus shaskyi (Tenorio, Tucker & Chaney, 2012)
- Conus shikamai Coomans, Moolenbeek & Wils, 1985
- Conus sieboldii Reeve, 1848
- Conus simonis Bozzetti, 2010
- Conus skolundae (Tenorio, Tucker & Chaney, 2012)
- Conus smirna Bartsch & Rehder, 1943
- Conus sogodensis (Poppe, Monnier & Tagaro, 2012)
- Conus solangeae Bozzetti, 2004
- Conus solomonensis Delsaerdt, 1992
- Conus somalicus (Bozzetti, 2013)
- Conus sorenseni Sander, 1982
- Conus spectrum Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus sphacelatus G. B. Sowerby I, 1833
- Conus spiceri Bartsch & Rehder, 1943
- Conus spirophilis Habe & Kosuge, 1970
- Conus splendidulus G. B. Sowerby I, 1833
- Conus sponsalis Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus spurius Gmelin, 1791
- Conus stanfieldi Petuch , 1998
- Conus stearnsii Conrad, 1869
- Conus stercusmuscarum Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus stigmaticus A. Adams, 1855
- Conus stimpsoni Dall, 1902
- Conus stocki Coomans & Moolenbeek, 1990
- Conus stramineus Lamarck, 1810
- Conus straturatus G. B. Sowerby II, 1865
- Conus striatellus Link, 1807
- Conus striatus Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus striolatus Kiener, 1845
- Conus stupa (Kuroda, 1956)
- Conus stupella (Kuroda, 1956)
- Conus submarginatus G. B. Sowerby II, 1870
- Conus suduirauti Raybaudi Massilia, 2004
- Conus sugimotonis Kuroda, 1928
- Conus sukhadwalai Röckel & da Motta, 1983
- Conus sulcatus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus sulcocastaneus Kosuge, 1981
- Conus sunderlandi Petuch, 1987
- Conus suratensis Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus sutanorcum Moolenbeek, Röckel & Bouchet, 2008
- Conus suturatus Reeve, 1844
- Conus swainsoni Estival & Cosel, 1986
- Conus sydneyensis G. B. Sowerby III, 1887
- Conus tabidus Reeve, 1844
- Conus tacomae Boyer & Pelorce, 2009
- Conus taeniatus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus tagaroae (Limpalaër & Monnier, 2013)
- Conus taslei Kiener, 1850
- Conus telatus Reeve, 1848
- Conus tenulineatus Rolán & Röckel, 2001
- Conus tenuistriatus Sowerby II, 1858
- Conus teodorae Rolán & Fernandes, 1990
- Conus teramachii (Kuroda, 1956)
- Conus terebra Født 1778
- Conus terryni Tenorio & Poppe, 2004
- Conus tessulatus Født 1778
- Conus tethys (Petuch & Sargent, 2011)
- Conus tevesi Trovao, 1978
- Conus tekstil Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus thalassiarchus G. B. Sowerby I, 1834
- Conus therriaulti (Petuch, 2013)
- Conus thevenardensis da Motta, 1987
- Conus thomae Gmelin, 1791
- Conus tiaratus G. B. Sowerby I, 1833
- Conus tiki Moolenbeek, Zandbergen & Bouchet, 2008
- Conus timorensis Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus tinianus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus tirardi Rockel & Moolenbeek, 1996
- Conus tisii T. C. Lan, 1978
- Conus tornatus G. B. Sowerby I, 1833
- Conus traillii A. Adams, 1855
- Conus traversianus E. A. Smith, 1875
- Conus trencarti Nolf & Verstraeten, 2008
- Conus tribblei Walls, 1977
- Conus trigonus Reeve, 1848
- Conus trochulus Reeve, 1844
- Conus troendlei Moolenbeek, Zandbergen & Bouchet, 2008
- Conus trovaoi Rolán & Röckel, 2000
- Conus tuberculosus Tomlin, 1937
- Conus tulipa Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus tuticorinensis Rockel & Korn, 1990
- Conus tyfon Kilburn, 1975
- Conus unifasciatus Kiener, 1850
- Conus vanhyningi Rehder, 1944
- Conus vappereaui Monteiro, 2009
- Conus variegatus Kiener, 1845
- Conus varius Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus vaubani Rockel & Moolenbeek, 1995
- Conus vautieri Kiener, 1845
- Conus vayssierei Pallary, 1906
- Conus velaensis Petuch , 1993
- Conus venezuelanus Petuch, 1987
- Conus ventricosus Gmelin, 1791
- Conus venulatus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus verdensis Trovao, 1979
- Conus vexillum Gmelin, 1791
- Conus victoriae Reeve, 1843
- Conus vicweei Old, 1973
- Conus vidua Reeve, 1843
- Conus villepinii P. Fischer & Bernardi, 1857
- Conus vimineus Reeve, 1849
- Conus bratsch Cernohorsky, 1977
- Conus violaceus Gmelin, 1791
- Conus virgatus Reeve, 1849
- Conus virgo Linnaeus, 1758
- Conus visagenus Kilburn, 1974
- Conus visseri Delsaerdt, 1990
- Conus vittatus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus voluminalis Reeve, 1843
- Conus vulcanus Tenorio & Afonso, 2004
- Conus wakayamaensis (Kuroda, 1956)
- Conus wallacei (Lorenz & Morrison, 2004)
- Conus wallangra (Garrard, 1961)
- Conus wilsi Delsaerdt, 1998
- Conus wittigi Walls, 1977
- Conus worki Petuch, 1998
- Conus xanthicus Dall, 1910
- Conus xanthocinctus Petuch , 1986
- Conus xicoi Rockel , 1987
- Conus ximenes Grå, 1839
- Conus yemenensis Bondarev, 1997
- Conus zandbergeni Filmer & Moolenbeek, 2010
- Conus zapatosensis Röckel , 1987
- Conus zebra Lamarck, 1810
- Conus zebroides Kiener, 1845
- Conus zeylanicus Gmelin, 1791
- Conus ziczac Mühlfeld, 1816
- Conus zonatus Hwass i Bruguière, 1792
- Conus zylmanae Petuch , 1998
Noter
- ↑ Conus biodiversitetswebsted . Hentet 31. juli 2012. Arkiveret fra originalen 16. juni 2010.
- ↑ MJ Tenorio, AJ Monteiro (2008): The Family Conidae. Den sydafrikanske art af Conus. GT Poppe, K. Groh (red): A Conchological Iconography. Hackenheim: ConchBooks.
- ↑ GM Branch, CL Griffiths, ML Branch, LE Beckley, (2010): Two oceans: a guide to the marine life of Southern Africa. Cape Town: Struik Nature. ISBN 978-1-77007-772-0 .
- ↑ AJ Monteiro, MJ Tenorio, GT Poppe (2004): The Family Conidae. De vestafrikanske og middelhavs-arter af Conus. I: GT Poppe, K. Groh (red): A Conchological Iconography. Hackenheim: ConchBooks.
- ↑ MJ Tenorio, JK Tucker, HW Chaney (2012): Familierne Conilithidae og Conidae. Keglerne i det østlige Stillehav. I: GT Poppe, K. Groh (red): A Conchological Iconography. Hackenheim: ConchBooks.
- ↑ 1 2 Alan J. Kohn (1994): Ecology of Conus in Hawaii . I: E. Alison Kay (red.): A Natural History of the Hawaiian Islands: Selected Readings II. 210-254.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Alan J. Kohn (1956): Fiskesnegle af slægten Conus . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 42(3), 168-171.
- ↑ J. Nybakken, F. Perron (1988): Ontogenetisk ændring i radulaen af Conus magus. Marine Biology 98, 239-242.
- ↑ Conus geographus . Hentet 31. juli 2012. Arkiveret fra originalen 28. juli 2020.
- ↑ Conus marmoreus . Hentet 31. juli 2012. Arkiveret fra originalen 28. juli 2020.
- ↑ Conus tekstil . Dato for adgang: 31. juli 2012. Arkiveret fra originalen den 24. oktober 2013.
- ↑ WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Conus Linnaeus, 1758 . Hentet 2. juni 2022. Arkiveret fra originalen 25. marts 2022.